Madison, TN demographics:
population, income, and more

Total population
40,615
-1.7% year-over-year change
Median household income
$54,566/yr
2.9% year-over-year change
Housing units
20,676
4.2% year-over-year change

Madison population

How many people live in Madison

Madison is home to 40,615 residents, according to the most recent Census data. Gender-wise, 49.1% of Madison locals are male, and 50.9% are female.

Total population
40,615
-1.7% year-over-year change
Gender ratio
Male
49.1%
19,934
Female
50.9%
20,681
Value Percent YoY change
Male 19,934 49.1% -2.1%
Female 20,681 50.9% -1.2%
A higher population often means more rental variety and livelier areas. The gender balance—how many men live here compared to women—can reveal a lot about the community and the lifestyles of its residents. Use this info to get a sense of the area's pace and personality.

Age demographics

The median age in Madison is 38, with the population distributed as follows: about 17.8% are children under 15, then 11.6% are in the 15 to 24 age group. Adults between 25 and 44 make up 28.8% of the population, while another 27.7% fall into the 45 to 64 bracket. Finally, around 14.2% are 65 or older.

Median age
38.4
Age breakdown
Under 15
17.8%
15 to 24
11.6%
25 to 44
28.8%
45 to 64
27.7%
Over 65
14.2%
Value Percent YoY change
Under 15 7,209 17.8% -9.5%
15 to 24 4,714 11.6% 0.8%
25 to 44 11,683 28.8% 0.3%
45 to 64 11,264 27.7% 0.6%
Over 65 5,745 14.2% -1.2%
The age composition helps you get insight into who lives in the area. A younger population might mean a more active, fast-paced vibe, while an older one could suggest a quieter, slower lifestyle. If there's a balanced makeup, you’re likely to find a variety of services, housing types, and community spaces that cater to different life stages.

Racial makeup

In Madison, 80.2% of the population are US-born citizens, while 5.2% have gained naturalized citizenship. At the same time, 14.6% of residents are non-citizens. As for race, 37.8% of locals are Caucasian, 31.8% are African American and 1.8% have Asian roots. Another 1% are Indigenous American, 0.1% are Pacific Islanders, while 12.1% identify as another race. There’s also a share of 15.4% that includes residents with two or more races.

Citizenship
U.S.-born citizens
80.2%
Non-U.S.-born citizens
5.2%
Non-citizens
14.6%
Value Percent YoY change
U.S.-born citizens 32,578 80.2% -1.7%
Non-U.S.-born citizens 2,103 5.2% -18.0%
Non-citizens 5,934 14.6% 5.9%
Racial breakdown
White
37.8%
Black or African American
31.8%
American Indian and Alaska Native
1%
Asian
1.8%
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
0.1%
Two or more races
15.4%
Other
12.1%
Value Percent
White 15,361 37.8%
Black or African American 12,900 31.8%
American Indian and Alaska Native 390 1%
Asian 741 1.8%
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander 32 0.1%
Two or more races 6,263 15.4%
Other 4,928 12.1%

Households in Madison

A peek inside Madison households

Madison has 19,328 households, with an average of 2 members in each. Of these, 48.4% are families, while the remaining 51.6% are made up of individuals living alone or with non-relatives, such as roommates.

Households stats

Total households
19,328
3.8% year-over-year change
Average people per household
2
Non-family households
9,982
Family households
9,346
Value Percent YoY change
Non-family households 9,982 51.6% 4.7%
Family households 9,346 48.4% 2.9%
The mix between family and non-family households gives a glimpse into daily life. A higher percentage of families might mean more parks and schools, while more non-family setups can mean flexible housing and diverse living styles. For renters, this can signal what kinds of homes are common and can help you figure out if the area matches your lifestyle.

Housing in Madison

The housing landscape of Madison

Madison's housing consists of 20,676 units, with 47% being detached single-family homes ideal for those wanting space. Attached options, including duplexes and townhouses, make up 7.4% and offer a more compact, shared living style. Then there are the multifamily buildings in the area, and for those seeking flexibility, non-traditional options like mobile homes account for 2.2% of the housing landscape.

Housing units
20,676
4.2% year-over-year change
Housing types
Value Percent
1 unit, detached 9,710 47%
1 unit, attached 1,522 7.4%
2 units 1,044 5%
3 or 4 units 827 4%
5 to 9 units 1,594 7.7%
10 to 19 units 1,807 8.7%
20 to 49 units 1,240 6%
50 or more units 2,482 12%
Mobile home 450 2.2%
Homes built since 2020
539
159.1% year-over-year change

The age of buildings in Madison

In Madison, the median construction year is 1977. About 3.5% of homes were built before the 1940s, with another 6% going up by 1949. Most development happened in the second half of the 20th century. Then, 11.4% of homes were added from 2000 to 2009, 3.7% between 2010 and 2019, and 2.6% are part of the newest wave of development.

Construction year breakdown by decade
Value Percent YoY change
Built in 1939 or earlier 725 3.5% 6.9%
Built between 1940 and 1949 1,232 6% 9.8%
Built between 1950 and 1959 2,773 13.4% -3.1%
Built between 1960 and 1969 3,297 16% -6.3%
Built between 1970 and 1979 3,092 15% 6.8%
Built between 1980 and 1989 3,594 17.4% 14.2%
Built between 1990 and 1999 2,302 11.1% -10.0%
Built between 2000 and 2009 2,356 11.4% 4.9%
Built between 2010 and 2019 766 3.7% 25.4%
Built in 2020 or later 539 2.6% 159.1%
As a renter, knowing when homes were built helps you understand the potential condition and design of rental units. Newer builds may have more contemporary layouts, while older homes can offer character or larger lots, depending on the area.

Madison occupancy rates

Out of the 19,328 occupied housing units in Madison, 43.3% are owner-occupied, while 56.7% are lived in by tenants. Meanwhile, 6.5% of all homes on the local market sit vacant.

Occupied housing units
19,328
3.8% year-over-year change
Occupancy breakdown
Renter occupied
10,961
Owner occupied
8,367
Value Percent YoY
change
Renter occupied 10,961 56.7% 7.3%
Owner occupied 8,367 43.3% -0.4%
Unoccupied housing units
6.5%
Unoccupied housing units refer to homes that are currently without residents—whether they're waiting for renters or owners, used seasonally, or simply unclaimed. A higher share of empty homes may mean more housing availability, while a low number can reflect a tighter market with more competition. This, along with the renter-vs.-owner mix, helps paint a clearer picture of what types of housing and services are likely to be available in the area.

Madison housing costs

Housing costs in Madison come to a median of $1,290 per month, while tenants specifically pay a median gross rent of $1,320.

Median housing costs per month
$1,290/month
This figure sums up typical monthly housing costs for all households in the area. If you own, it includes mortgage payments in addition to property taxes, insurance and HOA fees. If you rent, it accounts for rent plus extras like utilities. It’s useful for seeing how local living expenses stack up compared to other places.
Median gross rent in Madison
$1,320/month
Gross rent gives a more complete look at what renters actually pay, including not just base rent, but also utilities and fees. It’s a key number for evaluating rental affordability in your area of interest and understanding how it compares to nearby locations.

Education in Madison

Madison education at a glance

About 42.6% of the population in Madison went to high school, while 19.1% pursued college studies. Another 6.9% earned an associate degree and 16.8% hold a bachelor’s. Meanwhile, 7.5% went even further, earning a master’s or doctorate.

Education level
Value Percent YoY change
No high school 2,251 7% -12.3%
High school diploma 13,620 42.6% -2.0%
College diploma 6,107 19.1% -5.8%
Associate degree 2,207 6.9% 9.6%
Bachelor's degree 5,383 16.8% 11.6%
Graduate degree 2,411 7.5% 10.2%
A community’s education mix can offer insights into the local economy and housing market. Higher levels of education often align with more job opportunities and stable incomes, which can increase demand for homes and influence both rent prices and rental availability.

Income in Madison

How much people earn in Madison

The average annual household income in Madison was $74,202 in 2024, the most recent annual data available, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. This marked a +8% change from the previous year. At the same time, the median income stood at $54,566, reflecting a +2.9% shift over the same period.

Average household income in Madison
$74,202/year
8.0% year-over-year change
Median household income in Madison
$54,566/year
2.9% year-over-year change

Madison income by age

In Madison, households led by residents aged 25 to 44 — usually in the early to mid stages of their careers — have a median income of $54,550. Those with someone between 45 and 64 in charge, often well established professionally, earn $73,371 overall. Younger households, where the main provider is under 25 and just starting out, report a median income of $36,250, while those led by someone over 65, many of whom may be retired, have about $40,476 in earnings. Overall, 83% of the locals in this community live above the poverty line.

Income breakdown by age
Value YoY change
Under 25 $36,250 -0.9%
25 - 44 $54,550 1.1%
45 - 64 $73,371 13.0%
Over 65 $40,476 -1.5%
Above poverty level
32,661
Below poverty level
6,715
Value Percent YoY
change
Above poverty level 32,661 83% 1.8%
Below poverty level 6,715 17% -15.7%

Employment in Madison

Workforce and job types in Madison

70.9% of the working population are employed in professional or administrative positions, while 29.1% are in hands-on or service-based jobs. Also, 11.4% run their own businesses, 70% are employed by private companies, and 11.8% work in the public sector.

Workforce demographics

White collar
15,172
Blue collar
6,236
Value Percent YoY change
White collar 15,172 70.9% 7.7%
Blue collar 6,236 29.1% -4.1%
Employer type
Self employees
11.4%
Private companies
70%
Governmental workers
11.8%
Not for profit companies
6.8%
Value Percent YoY change
Self employees 2,445 11.4% 17.3%
Private companies 14,974 70% 0.6%
Governmental workers 2,523 11.8% 2.8%
Not for profit companies 1,466 6.8% 26.3%

Transportation in Madison

How people get around in Madison

In Madison, the average commute time is 26 minutes. Commuting methods vary: 94.8% of residents travel by personal vehicle and 1.5% prefer to walk, while the remaining share relies on public transit or on two wheelers to get from A to B.

Commute time
26 min
0.0% year-over-year change
Means of transportation
Value Percent YoY change
Car 17,534 94.8% 2.2%
Taxicab 14 0.1% -30.0%
Bus or trolleybus 676 3.6% 3.8%
Walk 275 1.5% -17.9%
Understanding how locals get to work can help you plan your own routine. High car usage might mean you’ll need a vehicle, while strong public transit or walkability could save you the hassle. Commute times also play a big role in quality of life—shorter trips can give you more time for the things you enjoy.

What is the median and average household income in Madison by zipcode?

Zipcode Population Number of households Median income Average income
37115 40,615 19,328 $54,566 $74,202

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FAQs about Madison demographics 

What is the total population of Madison?

Madison has a total population of 40,615 residents, according to the latest release from the U.S. Census Bureau: the 2019-2023 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates. This figure changed by -1.7% compared to a year ago.

What is the gender ratio in Madison?

The gender ratio in Madison is as follows:
  • 49.1% males (19,934 residents)
  • 50.9% females (20,681 residents)

What is the median age in Madison?

The median age in Madison is 38.4.

What is the age distribution of the population in Madison?

The age distribution in Madison is as follows:
  • Under 15: 17.8% (7,209 residents)
  • Ages 15-24: 11.6% (4,714 residents)
  • Ages 25-44: 28.8% (11,683 residents)
  • Ages 45-64: 27.7% (11,264 residents)
  • Over 65: 14.2% (5,745 residents)

What is the racial and ethnic makeup of Madison?

The racial and ethnic makeup of Madison is as follows:
  • White: 37.8% (15,361 residents)
  • Black or African American: 31.8% (12,900 residents)
  • American Indian and Alaska Native: 1% (390 residents)
  • Asian: 1.8% (741 residents)
  • Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander: 0.1% (32 residents)
  • Two or More Races: 15.4% (6,263 residents)
  • Other: 12.1% (4,928 residents)

What percentage of the population in Madison are U.S.-born citizens?

U.S.-born citizens represent 80.2% of the population in Madison.

How many housing units are there in Madison?

There are 20,676 housing units in Madison, reflecting a +4.2% change compared to the previous year, according to the latest data from the U.S. Census Bureau.

How many households are in Madison and what is the average household size?

Madison has a total of 19,328 households, with an average of 2 people in each.

What is the median household income in Madison?

Madison has a median household income of $54,566, representing a +2.9% shift from the previous year, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

What is the job market overview for Madison?

Here’s a detailed breakdown of the local job market:

Job types:
  • White-collar workers: 70.9% (15,172 residents)
  • Blue-collar workers: 29.1% (6,236 residents)

Places of employment:
  • Self-employed: 11.4% (2,445 residents)
  • Private companies: 70% (14,974 residents)
  • Governmental workers: 11.8% (2,523 residents)
  • Not-for-profit companies: 6.8% (1,466 residents)

Data source & methodology

The demographic data on this page was sourced from the latest U.S. Census Bureau release—the 2019–2023 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates.

The information, issued annually, is compiled and published by the Point2Homes Research Team as soon as new data becomes available.

No representation, guarantee, or warranty is made concerning the accuracy or completeness of modified or aggregated information for particular areas.

Page last updated: September 2025