Frederick, MD demographics:
population, income, and more

Total population
83,395
3.5% year-over-year change
Median household income
$97,069/yr
2.0% year-over-year change
Housing units
35,421
3.6% year-over-year change

Frederick population

How many people live in Frederick

Frederick is home to 83,395 residents, according to the most recent Census data. Gender-wise, 48.4% of Frederick locals are male, and 51.6% are female.

Total population
83,395
3.5% year-over-year change
Gender ratio
Male
48.4%
40,396
Female
51.6%
42,999
Value Percent YoY change
Male 40,396 48.4% 3.5%
Female 42,999 51.6% 3.4%
A higher population often means more rental variety and livelier areas. The gender balance—how many men live here compared to women—can reveal a lot about the community and the lifestyles of its residents. Use this info to get a sense of the area's pace and personality.

Age demographics

The median age in Frederick is 37, with the population distributed as follows: about 18.7% are children under 15, then 12.4% are in the 15 to 24 age group. Adults between 25 and 44 make up 30.6% of the population, while another 24% fall into the 45 to 64 bracket. Finally, around 14.3% are 65 or older.

Median age
37.1
Age breakdown
Under 15
18.7%
15 to 24
12.4%
25 to 44
30.6%
45 to 64
24%
Over 65
14.3%
Value Percent YoY change
Under 15 15,599 18.7% 2.9%
15 to 24 10,376 12.4% 4.9%
25 to 44 25,517 30.6% 4.4%
45 to 64 20,006 24% 2.3%
Over 65 11,897 14.3% 2.8%
The age composition helps you get insight into who lives in the area. A younger population might mean a more active, fast-paced vibe, while an older one could suggest a quieter, slower lifestyle. If there's a balanced makeup, you’re likely to find a variety of services, housing types, and community spaces that cater to different life stages.

Racial makeup

In Frederick, 78% of the population are US-born citizens, while 12.8% have gained naturalized citizenship. At the same time, 9.1% of residents are non-citizens. As for race, 52.8% of locals are Caucasian, 17.4% are African American and 5.8% have Asian roots. Another 0.5% are Indigenous American, 0.1% are Pacific Islanders, while 8.4% identify as another race. There’s also a share of 15% that includes residents with two or more races.

Citizenship
U.S.-born citizens
78%
Non-U.S.-born citizens
12.8%
Non-citizens
9.1%
Value Percent YoY change
U.S.-born citizens 65,092 78% 3.1%
Non-U.S.-born citizens 10,680 12.8% 8.7%
Non-citizens 7,623 9.1% -0.8%
Racial breakdown
White
52.8%
Black or African American
17.4%
American Indian and Alaska Native
0.5%
Asian
5.8%
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
0.1%
Two or more races
15%
Other
8.4%
Value Percent
White 44,060 52.8%
Black or African American 14,551 17.4%
American Indian and Alaska Native 398 0.5%
Asian 4,877 5.8%
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander 61 0.1%
Two or more races 12,480 15%
Other 6,968 8.4%

Households in Frederick

A peek inside Frederick households

Frederick has 33,584 households, with an average of 2 members in each. Of these, 61% are families, while the remaining 39% are made up of individuals living alone or with non-relatives, such as roommates.

Households stats

Total households
33,584
4.4% year-over-year change
Average people per household
2
Non-family households
13,080
Family households
20,504
Value Percent YoY change
Non-family households 13,080 39% 5.8%
Family households 20,504 61% 3.5%
The mix between family and non-family households gives a glimpse into daily life. A higher percentage of families might mean more parks and schools, while more non-family setups can mean flexible housing and diverse living styles. For renters, this can signal what kinds of homes are common and can help you figure out if the area matches your lifestyle.

Housing in Frederick

The housing landscape of Frederick

Frederick's housing consists of 35,421 units, with 31.8% being detached single-family homes ideal for those wanting space. Attached options, including duplexes and townhouses, make up 32.5% and offer a more compact, shared living style. Then there are the multifamily buildings in the area, and for those seeking flexibility, non-traditional options like mobile homes account for 0.1% of the housing landscape.

Housing units
35,421
3.6% year-over-year change
Housing types
Value Percent
1 unit, detached 11,267 31.8%
1 unit, attached 11,514 32.5%
2 units 593 1.7%
3 or 4 units 1,328 3.8%
5 to 9 units 2,374 6.7%
10 to 19 units 5,247 14.8%
20 to 49 units 1,278 3.6%
50 or more units 1,779 5%
Mobile home 41 0.1%
Homes built since 2020
1,323
84.0% year-over-year change

The age of buildings in Frederick

In Frederick, the median construction year is 1991. About 12.1% of homes were built before the 1940s, with another 2.3% going up by 1949. Most development happened in the second half of the 20th century. Then, 16.7% of homes were added from 2000 to 2009, 12.8% between 2010 and 2019, and 3.7% are part of the newest wave of development.

Construction year breakdown by decade
Value Percent YoY change
Built in 1939 or earlier 4,287 12.1% 3.4%
Built between 1940 and 1949 817 2.3% 1.0%
Built between 1950 and 1959 2,190 6.2% 2.1%
Built between 1960 and 1969 2,281 6.4% -0.3%
Built between 1970 and 1979 2,771 7.8% 8.9%
Built between 1980 and 1989 4,972 14% -5.0%
Built between 1990 and 1999 6,335 17.9% -3.0%
Built between 2000 and 2009 5,914 16.7% 5.6%
Built between 2010 and 2019 4,531 12.8% 8.7%
Built in 2020 or later 1,323 3.7% 84.0%
As a renter, knowing when homes were built helps you understand the potential condition and design of rental units. Newer builds may have more contemporary layouts, while older homes can offer character or larger lots, depending on the area.

Frederick occupancy rates

Out of the 33,584 occupied housing units in Frederick, 58.8% are owner-occupied, while 41.2% are lived in by tenants. Meanwhile, 5.2% of all homes on the local market sit vacant.

Occupied housing units
33,584
4.4% year-over-year change
Occupancy breakdown
Renter occupied
13,849
Owner occupied
19,735
Value Percent YoY
change
Renter occupied 13,849 41.2% 5.4%
Owner occupied 19,735 58.8% 3.6%
Unoccupied housing units
5.2%
Unoccupied housing units refer to homes that are currently without residents—whether they're waiting for renters or owners, used seasonally, or simply unclaimed. A higher share of empty homes may mean more housing availability, while a low number can reflect a tighter market with more competition. This, along with the renter-vs.-owner mix, helps paint a clearer picture of what types of housing and services are likely to be available in the area.

Frederick housing costs

Housing costs in Frederick come to a median of $1,844 per month, while tenants specifically pay a median gross rent of $1,764.

Median housing costs per month
$1,844/month
This figure sums up typical monthly housing costs for all households in the area. If you own, it includes mortgage payments in addition to property taxes, insurance and HOA fees. If you rent, it accounts for rent plus extras like utilities. It’s useful for seeing how local living expenses stack up compared to other places.
Median gross rent in Frederick
$1,764/month
Gross rent gives a more complete look at what renters actually pay, including not just base rent, but also utilities and fees. It’s a key number for evaluating rental affordability in your area of interest and understanding how it compares to nearby locations.

Education in Frederick

Frederick education at a glance

About 28% of the population in Frederick went to high school, while 18.8% pursued college studies. Another 7.9% earned an associate degree and 22.8% hold a bachelor’s. Meanwhile, 17.2% went even further, earning a master’s or doctorate.

Education level
Value Percent YoY change
No high school 3,381 5.2% 0.5%
High school diploma 18,259 28% 2.7%
College diploma 12,270 18.8% 2.1%
Associate degree 5,148 7.9% 4.4%
Bachelor's degree 14,877 22.8% 6.8%
Graduate degree 11,205 17.2% 6.2%
A community’s education mix can offer insights into the local economy and housing market. Higher levels of education often align with more job opportunities and stable incomes, which can increase demand for homes and influence both rent prices and rental availability.

Income in Frederick

How much people earn in Frederick

The average annual household income in Frederick was $120,806 in 2024, the most recent annual data available, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. This marked a +3.6% change from the previous year. At the same time, the median income stood at $97,069, reflecting a +2% shift over the same period.

Average household income in Frederick
$120,806/year
3.6% year-over-year change
Median household income in Frederick
$97,069/year
2.0% year-over-year change

Frederick income by age

In Frederick, households led by residents aged 25 to 44 — usually in the early to mid stages of their careers — have a median income of $105,097. Those with someone between 45 and 64 in charge, often well established professionally, earn $111,331 overall. Younger households, where the main provider is under 25 and just starting out, report a median income of $62,405, while those led by someone over 65, many of whom may be retired, have about $78,289 in earnings. Overall, 90.9% of the locals in this community live above the poverty line.

Income breakdown by age
Value YoY change
Under 25 $62,405 7.6%
25 - 44 $105,097 3.6%
45 - 64 $111,331 1.5%
Over 65 $78,289 2.1%
Above poverty level
73,389
Below poverty level
7,361
Value Percent YoY
change
Above poverty level 73,389 90.9% 3.7%
Below poverty level 7,361 9.1% 1.2%

Average renter income in Frederick

To get a better sense of what renters earn on average in Frederick, their median household income was $60,542 according to 2022 Census data. In addition, the rent-to-income ratio in the area, at 35%, shows what portion of their earnings goes toward housing expenses.

Renter median household income
$60,542
Rent-to-income ratio
35%
Understanding the rent-to-income ratio can help renters gauge if local housing costs align with their earnings. A ratio under 30% usually signals affordability, while exceeding this mark means rent is taking a larger-than-recommended bite out of income. That could make it harder for you to cover other costs like transportation, healthcare, or child care.

Employment in Frederick

Workforce and job types in Frederick

The job market in Frederick is powered by 44,645 working residents, spread across a range of industries and roles. 82.5% of the working population are employed in professional or administrative positions, while 17.5% are in hands-on or service-based jobs. Also, 8.4% run their own businesses, 62.3% are employed by private companies, and 19.9% work in the public sector.

Workforce demographics

Working population
44,645
2.6% year-over-year change
White collar
36,820
Blue collar
7,825
Value Percent YoY change
White collar 36,820 82.5% 3.0%
Blue collar 7,825 17.5% 0.9%
Employer type
Self employees
8.4%
Private companies
62.3%
Governmental workers
19.9%
Not for profit companies
9.4%
Value Percent YoY change
Self employees 3,738 8.4% 7.1%
Private companies 27,818 62.3% 1.9%
Governmental workers 8,894 19.9% 4.0%
Not for profit companies 4,195 9.4% 1.1%
Unemployment rate
3.9%
7.6% year-over-year change

Available workforce

The unemployment rate in Frederick stands at 3.9%, representing the share of the workforce currently without a job and actively looking for one.

For renters, the unemployment rate helps paint a picture of job security and financial stability in the area. Rates around 4% to 5% are considered typical. A lower-than-average rate might suggest strong job prospects and a thriving local economy, while a higher rate could hint at fewer opportunities—both useful to consider when planning a move.

Transportation in Frederick

How people get around in Frederick

In Frederick, the average commute time is 30 minutes. Commuting methods vary: 75.6% of residents travel by personal vehicle and 3.2% prefer to walk, while the remaining share relies on public transit or on two wheelers to get from A to B.

Commute time
30 min
-0.3% year-over-year change
Means of transportation
Value Percent YoY change
Car 33,935 75.6% 0.5%
Taxicab 282 0.6% -22.1%
Bus or trolleybus 534 1.2% 5.5%
Subway or elevated 56 0.1% N/A
Railroad 257 0.6% 21.8%
Motorcycle 15 0% -16.7%
Bicycle 244 0.5% 37.9%
Walk 1,414 3.2% 13.2%
Understanding how locals get to work can help you plan your own routine. High car usage might mean you’ll need a vehicle, while strong public transit or walkability could save you the hassle. Commute times also play a big role in quality of life—shorter trips can give you more time for the things you enjoy.

What is the median and average household income in Frederick by zipcode?

Zipcode Population Number of households Median income Average income
21701 43,048 18,651 $106,577 $137,084
21702 49,605 18,525 $106,983 $130,101
21703 41,960 15,517 $106,334 $122,365
21704 20,006 6,136 $161,063 $192,754
21705 6 0 $0 $0

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FAQs about Frederick demographics 

What is the total population of Frederick?

Frederick has a total population of 83,395 residents, according to the latest release from the U.S. Census Bureau: the 2019-2023 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates. This figure changed by +3.5% compared to a year ago.

What is the gender ratio in Frederick?

The gender ratio in Frederick is as follows:
  • 48.4% males (40,396 residents)
  • 51.6% females (42,999 residents)

What is the median age in Frederick?

The median age in Frederick is 37.1.

What is the age distribution of the population in Frederick?

The age distribution in Frederick is as follows:
  • Under 15: 18.7% (15,599 residents)
  • Ages 15-24: 12.4% (10,376 residents)
  • Ages 25-44: 30.6% (25,517 residents)
  • Ages 45-64: 24% (20,006 residents)
  • Over 65: 14.3% (11,897 residents)

What is the racial and ethnic makeup of Frederick?

The racial and ethnic makeup of Frederick is as follows:
  • White: 52.8% (44,060 residents)
  • Black or African American: 17.4% (14,551 residents)
  • American Indian and Alaska Native: 0.5% (398 residents)
  • Asian: 5.8% (4,877 residents)
  • Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander: 0.1% (61 residents)
  • Two or More Races: 15% (12,480 residents)
  • Other: 8.4% (6,968 residents)

What percentage of the population in Frederick are U.S.-born citizens?

U.S.-born citizens represent 78% of the population in Frederick.

How many housing units are there in Frederick?

There are 35,421 housing units in Frederick, reflecting a +3.6% change compared to the previous year, according to the latest data from the U.S. Census Bureau.

How many households are in Frederick and what is the average household size?

Frederick has a total of 33,584 households, with an average of 2 people in each.

What is the median household income in Frederick?

Frederick has a median household income of $97,069, representing a +2.0% shift from the previous year, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

What is the employment rate and job market overview for Frederick?

The employment rate is 96.1% in Frederick, with a workforce of 44,645 residents. Here’s a detailed breakdown of the local job market:

Job types:
  • White-collar workers: 82.5% (36,820 residents)
  • Blue-collar workers: 17.5% (7,825 residents)

Places of employment:
  • Self-employed: 8.4% (3,738 residents)
  • Private companies: 62.3% (27,818 residents)
  • Governmental workers: 19.9% (8,894 residents)
  • Not-for-profit companies: 9.4% (4,195 residents)

Data source & methodology

The demographic data on this page was sourced from the latest U.S. Census Bureau release—the 2019–2023 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates.

The information, issued annually, is compiled and published by the Point2Homes Research Team as soon as new data becomes available.

No representation, guarantee, or warranty is made concerning the accuracy or completeness of modified or aggregated information for particular areas.

Page last updated: September 2025