Vermont demographics:
population, income, and more

Total population
647,106
0.3% year-over-year change
Median household income
$81,203/yr
4.1% year-over-year change
Housing units
339,042
0.6% year-over-year change

Vermont population

How many people live in Vermont

Vermont is home to 647,106 residents, according to the most recent Census data. Gender-wise, 49.6% of Vermont locals are male, and 50.4% are female.

Total population
647,106
0.3% year-over-year change
Gender ratio
Male
49.6%
321,155
Female
50.4%
325,951
Value Percent YoY change
Male 321,155 49.6% 0.3%
Female 325,951 50.4% 0.3%
A higher population often means more rental variety and livelier areas. The gender balance—how many men live here compared to women—can reveal a lot about the community and the lifestyles of its residents. Use this info to get a sense of the area's pace and personality.

Age demographics

The median age in Vermont is 43, with the population distributed as follows: about 14.5% are children under 15, then 13.4% are in the 15 to 24 age group. Adults between 25 and 44 make up 24.2% of the population, while another 26.5% fall into the 45 to 64 bracket. Finally, around 21.4% are 65 or older.

Median age
43.1
Age breakdown
Under 15
14.5%
15 to 24
13.4%
25 to 44
24.2%
45 to 64
26.5%
Over 65
21.4%
Value Percent YoY change
Under 15 93,871 14.5% -1.2%
15 to 24 86,807 13.4% -0.5%
25 to 44 156,315 24.2% 1.1%
45 to 64 171,434 26.5% -1.6%
Over 65 138,679 21.4% 3.4%
The age composition helps you get insight into who lives in the area. A younger population might mean a more active, fast-paced vibe, while an older one could suggest a quieter, slower lifestyle. If there's a balanced makeup, you’re likely to find a variety of services, housing types, and community spaces that cater to different life stages.

Racial makeup

In Vermont, 94.6% of the population are US-born citizens, while 3.8% have gained naturalized citizenship. At the same time, 1.5% of residents are non-citizens. As for race, 90.7% of locals are Caucasian, 1.1% are African American and 1.8% have Asian roots. There’s also a share of 5.5% that includes residents with two or more races.

Citizenship
U.S.-born citizens
94.6%
Non-U.S.-born citizens
3.8%
Non-citizens
1.5%
Value Percent YoY change
U.S.-born citizens 612,440 94.6% 0.4%
Non-U.S.-born citizens 24,720 3.8% 1.9%
Non-citizens 9,946 1.5% -9.0%
Racial breakdown
White
90.7%
Black or African American
1.1%
American Indian and Alaska Native
0.2%
Asian
1.8%
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
0%
Two or more races
5.5%
Other
0.7%
Value Percent
White 586,712 90.7%
Black or African American 7,316 1.1%
American Indian and Alaska Native 1,065 0.2%
Asian 11,743 1.8%
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander 81 0%
Two or more races 35,395 5.5%
Other 4,794 0.7%

Households in Vermont

A peek inside Vermont households

Vermont has 273,416 households, with an average of 2 members in each. Of these, 58.9% are families, while the remaining 41.1% are made up of individuals living alone or with non-relatives, such as roommates.

Households stats

Total households
273,416
1.5% year-over-year change
Average people per household
2
Non-family households
112,314
Family households
161,102
Value Percent YoY change
Non-family households 112,314 41.1% 2.1%
Family households 161,102 58.9% 1.0%
The mix between family and non-family households gives a glimpse into daily life. A higher percentage of families might mean more parks and schools, while more non-family setups can mean flexible housing and diverse living styles. For renters, this can signal what kinds of homes are common and can help you figure out if the area matches your lifestyle.

Housing in Vermont

The housing landscape of Vermont

Vermont's housing consists of 339,042 units, with 67.3% being detached single-family homes ideal for those wanting space. Attached options, including duplexes and townhouses, make up 4.4% and offer a more compact, shared living style. Then there are the multifamily buildings in the area, and for those seeking flexibility, non-traditional options like mobile homes account for 5.9% of the housing landscape.

Housing units
339,042
0.6% year-over-year change
Housing types
Value Percent
1 unit, detached 228,189 67.3%
1 unit, attached 14,944 4.4%
2 units 17,797 5.2%
3 or 4 units 21,079 6.2%
5 to 9 units 15,095 4.4%
10 to 19 units 6,357 1.9%
20 to 49 units 8,641 2.6%
50 or more units 6,914 2%
Mobile home 19,888 5.9%
Boat, RV, van, etc. 138 0%
Homes built since 2020
2,981
69.1% year-over-year change

The age of buildings in Vermont

In Vermont, the median construction year is 1976. About 24.4% of homes were built before the 1940s, with another 3% going up by 1949. Most development happened in the second half of the 20th century. Then, 10.3% of homes were added from 2000 to 2009, 6.6% between 2010 and 2019, and 0.9% are part of the newest wave of development.

Construction year breakdown by decade
Value Percent YoY change
Built in 1939 or earlier 82,559 24.4% -2.3%
Built between 1940 and 1949 10,131 3% -0.1%
Built between 1950 and 1959 18,713 5.5% 4.2%
Built between 1960 and 1969 27,901 8.2% 1.4%
Built between 1970 and 1979 50,701 15% 0.1%
Built between 1980 and 1989 53,994 15.9% 2.1%
Built between 1990 and 1999 34,648 10.2% -1.5%
Built between 2000 and 2009 34,912 10.3% -1.4%
Built between 2010 and 2019 22,502 6.6% 6.7%
Built in 2020 or later 2,981 0.9% 69.1%
As a renter, knowing when homes were built helps you understand the potential condition and design of rental units. Newer builds may have more contemporary layouts, while older homes can offer character or larger lots, depending on the area.

Vermont occupancy rates

Out of the 273,416 occupied housing units in Vermont, 73.2% are owner-occupied, while 26.8% are lived in by tenants. Meanwhile, 19.4% of all homes on the local market sit vacant.

Occupied housing units
273,416
1.5% year-over-year change
Occupancy breakdown
Renter occupied
73,337
Owner occupied
200,079
Value Percent YoY
change
Renter occupied 73,337 26.8% 0.1%
Owner occupied 200,079 73.2% 2.0%
Unoccupied housing units
19.4%
Unoccupied housing units refer to homes that are currently without residents—whether they're waiting for renters or owners, used seasonally, or simply unclaimed. A higher share of empty homes may mean more housing availability, while a low number can reflect a tighter market with more competition. This, along with the renter-vs.-owner mix, helps paint a clearer picture of what types of housing and services are likely to be available in the area.

Vermont housing costs

Housing costs in Vermont come to a median of $1,373 per month, while tenants specifically pay a median gross rent of $1,234.

Median housing costs per month
$1,373/month
This figure sums up typical monthly housing costs for all households in the area. If you own, it includes mortgage payments in addition to property taxes, insurance and HOA fees. If you rent, it accounts for rent plus extras like utilities. It’s useful for seeing how local living expenses stack up compared to other places.
Median gross rent in Vermont
$1,234/month
Gross rent gives a more complete look at what renters actually pay, including not just base rent, but also utilities and fees. It’s a key number for evaluating rental affordability in your area of interest and understanding how it compares to nearby locations.

Education in Vermont

Vermont education at a glance

About 31.9% of the population in Vermont went to high school, while 18.5% pursued college studies. Another 8% earned an associate degree and 23.6% hold a bachelor’s. Meanwhile, 16.4% went even further, earning a master’s or doctorate.

Education level
Value Percent YoY change
No high school 8,278 1.6% -3.5%
High school diploma 169,521 31.9% -0.8%
College diploma 98,496 18.5% -2.4%
Associate degree 42,587 8% 1.2%
Bachelor's degree 125,266 23.6% 2.6%
Graduate degree 86,972 16.4% 4.1%
A community’s education mix can offer insights into the local economy and housing market. Higher levels of education often align with more job opportunities and stable incomes, which can increase demand for homes and influence both rent prices and rental availability.

Income in Vermont

How much people earn in Vermont

The average annual household income in Vermont was $107,852 in 2024, the most recent annual data available, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. This marked a +4.1% change from the previous year. At the same time, the median income stood at $81,203, reflecting a +4.1% shift over the same period.

Average household income in Vermont
$107,852/year
4.1% year-over-year change
Median household income in Vermont
$81,203/year
4.1% year-over-year change

Vermont income by age

In Vermont, households led by residents aged 25 to 44 — usually in the early to mid stages of their careers — have a median income of $96,791. Those with someone between 45 and 64 in charge, often well established professionally, earn $96,363 overall. Younger households, where the main provider is under 25 and just starting out, report a median income of $48,429, while those led by someone over 65, many of whom may be retired, have about $58,664 in earnings. Overall, 90% of the locals in this community live above the poverty line.

Income breakdown by age
Value YoY change
Under 25 $48,429 11.0%
25 - 44 $96,791 3.7%
45 - 64 $96,363 3.6%
Over 65 $58,664 2.5%
Above poverty level
557,277
Below poverty level
62,176
Value Percent YoY
change
Above poverty level 557,277 90% 0.6%
Below poverty level 62,176 10% -1.9%

Employment in Vermont

Workforce and job types in Vermont

The job market in Vermont is powered by 339,613 working residents, spread across a range of industries and roles. 79.4% of the working population are employed in professional or administrative positions, while 20.6% are in hands-on or service-based jobs. Also, 13.7% run their own businesses, 54.9% are employed by private companies, and 15% work in the public sector.

Workforce demographics

Working population
339,613
0.7% year-over-year change
White collar
269,716
Blue collar
69,897
Value Percent YoY change
White collar 269,716 79.4% 0.8%
Blue collar 69,897 20.6% 0.1%
Employer type
Self employees
13.7%
Private companies
54.9%
Governmental workers
15%
Not for profit companies
16.4%
Value Percent YoY change
Self employees 46,456 13.7% 3.0%
Private companies 186,419 54.9% 0.3%
Governmental workers 50,939 15% -0.5%
Not for profit companies 55,799 16.4% 1.2%
Unemployment rate
3.6%
-2.3% year-over-year change

Available workforce

The unemployment rate in Vermont stands at 3.6%, representing the share of the workforce currently without a job and actively looking for one.

For renters, the unemployment rate helps paint a picture of job security and financial stability in the area. Rates around 4% to 5% are considered typical. A lower-than-average rate might suggest strong job prospects and a thriving local economy, while a higher rate could hint at fewer opportunities—both useful to consider when planning a move.

Transportation in Vermont

How people get around in Vermont

In Vermont, the average commute time is 24 minutes. Commuting methods vary: 76.2% of residents travel by personal vehicle and 4.4% prefer to walk, while the remaining share relies on public transit or on two wheelers to get from A to B.

Commute time
24 min
0.4% year-over-year change
Means of transportation
Value Percent YoY change
Car 253,408 76.2% -2.0%
Taxicab 26 0% -60.0%
Bus or trolleybus 2,531 0.8% -4.7%
Subway or elevated 125 0% N/A
Railroad 49 0% 11.4%
Ferryboat 23 0% 27.8%
Motorcycle 279 0.1% 6.1%
Bicycle 2,410 0.7% 6.4%
Walk 14,703 4.4% 3.1%
Understanding how locals get to work can help you plan your own routine. High car usage might mean you’ll need a vehicle, while strong public transit or walkability could save you the hassle. Commute times also play a big role in quality of life—shorter trips can give you more time for the things you enjoy.

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FAQs about Vermont demographics 

What is the total population of Vermont?

Vermont has a total population of 647,106 residents, according to the latest release from the U.S. Census Bureau: the 2019-2023 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates. This figure changed by +0.3% compared to a year ago.

What is the gender ratio in Vermont?

The gender ratio in Vermont is as follows:
  • 49.6% males (321,155 residents)
  • 50.4% females (325,951 residents)

What is the median age in Vermont?

The median age in Vermont is 43.1.

What is the age distribution of the population in Vermont?

The age distribution in Vermont is as follows:
  • Under 15: 14.5% (93,871 residents)
  • Ages 15-24: 13.4% (86,807 residents)
  • Ages 25-44: 24.2% (156,315 residents)
  • Ages 45-64: 26.5% (171,434 residents)
  • Over 65: 21.4% (138,679 residents)

What is the racial and ethnic makeup of Vermont?

The racial and ethnic makeup of Vermont is as follows:
  • White: 90.7% (586,712 residents)
  • Black or African American: 1.1% (7,316 residents)
  • American Indian and Alaska Native: 0.2% (1,065 residents)
  • Asian: 1.8% (11,743 residents)
  • Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander: 0% (81 residents)
  • Two or More Races: 5.5% (35,395 residents)
  • Other: 0.7% (4,794 residents)

What percentage of the population in Vermont are U.S.-born citizens?

U.S.-born citizens represent 94.6% of the population in Vermont.

How many housing units are there in Vermont?

There are 339,042 housing units in Vermont, reflecting a +0.6% change compared to the previous year, according to the latest data from the U.S. Census Bureau.

How many households are in Vermont and what is the average household size?

Vermont has a total of 273,416 households, with an average of 2 people in each.

What is the median household income in Vermont?

Vermont has a median household income of $81,203, representing a +4.1% shift from the previous year, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

What is the employment rate and job market overview for Vermont?

The employment rate is 96.4% in Vermont, with a workforce of 339,613 residents. Here’s a detailed breakdown of the local job market:

Job types:
  • White-collar workers: 79.4% (269,716 residents)
  • Blue-collar workers: 20.6% (69,897 residents)

Places of employment:
  • Self-employed: 13.7% (46,456 residents)
  • Private companies: 54.9% (186,419 residents)
  • Governmental workers: 15% (50,939 residents)
  • Not-for-profit companies: 16.4% (55,799 residents)

Data source & methodology

The demographic data on this page was sourced from the latest U.S. Census Bureau release—the 2019–2023 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates.

The information, issued annually, is compiled and published by the Point2Homes Research Team as soon as new data becomes available.

No representation, guarantee, or warranty is made concerning the accuracy or completeness of modified or aggregated information for particular areas.

Page last updated: September 2025