Ohio demographics:
population, income, and more

Total population
11,810,293
0.3% year-over-year change
Median household income
$71,389/yr
2.5% year-over-year change
Housing units
5,292,391
0.4% year-over-year change

Ohio population

How many people live in Ohio

Ohio is home to 11,810,293 residents, according to the most recent Census data. Gender-wise, 49.3% of Ohio locals are male, and 50.7% are female.

Total population
11,810,293
0.3% year-over-year change
Gender ratio
Male
49.3%
5,824,627
Female
50.7%
5,985,666
Value Percent YoY change
Male 5,824,627 49.3% 0.3%
Female 5,985,666 50.7% 0.2%
A higher population often means more rental variety and livelier areas. The gender balance—how many men live here compared to women—can reveal a lot about the community and the lifestyles of its residents. Use this info to get a sense of the area's pace and personality.

Age demographics

The median age in Ohio is 40, with the population distributed as follows: about 18.1% are children under 15, then 12.8% are in the 15 to 24 age group. Adults between 25 and 44 make up 25.7% of the population, while another 25.1% fall into the 45 to 64 bracket. Finally, around 18.2% are 65 or older.

Median age
39.7
Age breakdown
Under 15
18.1%
15 to 24
12.8%
25 to 44
25.7%
45 to 64
25.1%
Over 65
18.2%
Value Percent YoY change
Under 15 2,134,234 18.1% -0.6%
15 to 24 1,513,843 12.8% 0.2%
25 to 44 3,037,407 25.7% 0.9%
45 to 64 2,969,232 25.1% -1.4%
Over 65 2,155,577 18.2% 2.5%
The age composition helps you get insight into who lives in the area. A younger population might mean a more active, fast-paced vibe, while an older one could suggest a quieter, slower lifestyle. If there's a balanced makeup, you’re likely to find a variety of services, housing types, and community spaces that cater to different life stages.

Racial makeup

In Ohio, 93.8% of the population are US-born citizens, while 3.8% have gained naturalized citizenship. At the same time, 2.4% of residents are non-citizens. As for race, 76.8% of locals are Caucasian, 12.2% are African American and 2.6% have Asian roots. There’s also a share of 6.5% that includes residents with two or more races.

Citizenship
U.S.-born citizens
93.8%
Non-U.S.-born citizens
3.8%
Non-citizens
2.4%
Value Percent YoY change
U.S.-born citizens 11,076,459 93.8% 0.0%
Non-U.S.-born citizens 444,165 3.8% 3.4%
Non-citizens 289,669 2.4% 4.2%
Racial breakdown
White
76.8%
Black or African American
12.2%
American Indian and Alaska Native
0.2%
Asian
2.6%
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
0%
Two or more races
6.5%
Other
1.8%
Value Percent
White 9,073,101 76.8%
Black or African American 1,440,414 12.2%
American Indian and Alaska Native 18,679 0.2%
Asian 302,593 2.6%
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander 4,181 0%
Two or more races 763,302 6.5%
Other 208,023 1.8%

Households in Ohio

A peek inside Ohio households

Ohio has 4,863,191 households, with an average of 2 members in each. Of these, 61.2% are families, while the remaining 38.8% are made up of individuals living alone or with non-relatives, such as roommates.

Households stats

Total households
4,863,191
0.7% year-over-year change
Average people per household
2
Non-family households
1,886,676
Family households
2,976,515
Value Percent YoY change
Non-family households 1,886,676 38.8% 1.5%
Family households 2,976,515 61.2% 0.2%
The mix between family and non-family households gives a glimpse into daily life. A higher percentage of families might mean more parks and schools, while more non-family setups can mean flexible housing and diverse living styles. For renters, this can signal what kinds of homes are common and can help you figure out if the area matches your lifestyle.

Housing in Ohio

The housing landscape of Ohio

Ohio's housing consists of 5,292,391 units, with 68.8% being detached single-family homes ideal for those wanting space. Attached options, including duplexes and townhouses, make up 4.9% and offer a more compact, shared living style. Then there are the multifamily buildings in the area, and for those seeking flexibility, non-traditional options like mobile homes account for 3.4% of the housing landscape.

Housing units
5,292,391
0.4% year-over-year change
Housing types
Value Percent
1 unit, detached 3,639,718 68.8%
1 unit, attached 260,614 4.9%
2 units 192,644 3.6%
3 or 4 units 226,153 4.3%
5 to 9 units 241,029 4.6%
10 to 19 units 204,800 3.9%
20 to 49 units 117,750 2.2%
50 or more units 224,795 4.2%
Mobile home 181,742 3.4%
Boat, RV, van, etc. 3,146 0.1%
Homes built since 2020
60,404
70.5% year-over-year change

The age of buildings in Ohio

In Ohio, the median construction year is 1970. About 19% of homes were built before the 1940s, with another 5.6% going up by 1949. Most development happened in the second half of the 20th century. Then, 9.7% of homes were added from 2000 to 2009, 5.6% between 2010 and 2019, and 1.1% are part of the newest wave of development.

Construction year breakdown by decade
Value Percent YoY change
Built in 1939 or earlier 1,005,529 19% -0.7%
Built between 1940 and 1949 295,103 5.6% -1.8%
Built between 1950 and 1959 692,308 13.1% -1.3%
Built between 1960 and 1969 620,137 11.7% 0.2%
Built between 1970 and 1979 740,254 14% -0.2%
Built between 1980 and 1989 480,435 9.1% 0.3%
Built between 1990 and 1999 588,519 11.1% -1.8%
Built between 2000 and 2009 512,495 9.7% 1.7%
Built between 2010 and 2019 297,207 5.6% 6.6%
Built in 2020 or later 60,404 1.1% 70.5%
As a renter, knowing when homes were built helps you understand the potential condition and design of rental units. Newer builds may have more contemporary layouts, while older homes can offer character or larger lots, depending on the area.

Ohio occupancy rates

Out of the 4,863,191 occupied housing units in Ohio, 67.2% are owner-occupied, while 32.8% are lived in by tenants. Meanwhile, 8.1% of all homes on the local market sit vacant.

Occupied housing units
4,863,191
0.7% year-over-year change
Occupancy breakdown
Renter occupied
1,595,287
Owner occupied
3,267,904
Value Percent YoY
change
Renter occupied 1,595,287 32.8% 0.1%
Owner occupied 3,267,904 67.2% 1.0%
Unoccupied housing units
8.1%
Unoccupied housing units refer to homes that are currently without residents—whether they're waiting for renters or owners, used seasonally, or simply unclaimed. A higher share of empty homes may mean more housing availability, while a low number can reflect a tighter market with more competition. This, along with the renter-vs.-owner mix, helps paint a clearer picture of what types of housing and services are likely to be available in the area.

Ohio housing costs

Housing costs in Ohio come to a median of $1,077 per month, while tenants specifically pay a median gross rent of $1,034.

Median housing costs per month
$1,077/month
This figure sums up typical monthly housing costs for all households in the area. If you own, it includes mortgage payments in addition to property taxes, insurance and HOA fees. If you rent, it accounts for rent plus extras like utilities. It’s useful for seeing how local living expenses stack up compared to other places.
Median gross rent in Ohio
$1,034/month
Gross rent gives a more complete look at what renters actually pay, including not just base rent, but also utilities and fees. It’s a key number for evaluating rental affordability in your area of interest and understanding how it compares to nearby locations.

Education in Ohio

Ohio education at a glance

About 38.9% of the population in Ohio went to high school, while 20.8% pursued college studies. Another 8.5% earned an associate degree and 18.4% hold a bachelor’s. Meanwhile, 10.9% went even further, earning a master’s or doctorate.

Education level
Value Percent YoY change
No high school 236,822 2.6% 0.8%
High school diploma 3,579,693 38.9% -0.4%
College diploma 1,914,554 20.8% -0.9%
Associate degree 780,620 8.5% 1.2%
Bachelor's degree 1,693,774 18.4% 2.0%
Graduate degree 1,004,680 10.9% 2.8%
A community’s education mix can offer insights into the local economy and housing market. Higher levels of education often align with more job opportunities and stable incomes, which can increase demand for homes and influence both rent prices and rental availability.

Income in Ohio

How much people earn in Ohio

The average annual household income in Ohio was $96,990 in 2024, the most recent annual data available, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. This marked a +2.4% change from the previous year. At the same time, the median income stood at $71,389, reflecting a +2.4% shift over the same period.

Average household income in Ohio
$96,990/year
2.4% year-over-year change
Median household income in Ohio
$71,389/year
2.5% year-over-year change

Ohio income by age

In Ohio, households led by residents aged 25 to 44 — usually in the early to mid stages of their careers — have a median income of $81,529. Those with someone between 45 and 64 in charge, often well established professionally, earn $87,415 overall. Younger households, where the main provider is under 25 and just starting out, report a median income of $42,205, while those led by someone over 65, many of whom may be retired, have about $52,515 in earnings. Overall, 86.8% of the locals in this community live above the poverty line.

Income breakdown by age
Value YoY change
Under 25 $42,205 3.9%
25 - 44 $81,529 3.5%
45 - 64 $87,415 3.0%
Over 65 $52,515 1.8%
Above poverty level
9,881,576
Below poverty level
1,505,450
Value Percent YoY
change
Above poverty level 9,881,576 86.8% 0.2%
Below poverty level 1,505,450 13.2% 0.8%

Employment in Ohio

Workforce and job types in Ohio

The job market in Ohio is powered by 5,709,399 working residents, spread across a range of industries and roles. 76% of the working population are employed in professional or administrative positions, while 24% are in hands-on or service-based jobs. Also, 8.2% run their own businesses, 68.7% are employed by private companies, and 12.9% work in the public sector.

Workforce demographics

Working population
5,709,399
0.3% year-over-year change
White collar
4,339,303
Blue collar
1,370,096
Value Percent YoY change
White collar 4,339,303 76% 0.5%
Blue collar 1,370,096 24% -0.4%
Employer type
Self employees
8.2%
Private companies
68.7%
Governmental workers
12.9%
Not for profit companies
10.2%
Value Percent YoY change
Self employees 469,498 8.2% 1.0%
Private companies 3,922,398 68.7% -0.2%
Governmental workers 737,472 12.9% 1.0%
Not for profit companies 580,031 10.2% 1.8%
Unemployment rate
4.8%
-1.6% year-over-year change

Available workforce

The unemployment rate in Ohio stands at 4.8%, representing the share of the workforce currently without a job and actively looking for one.

For renters, the unemployment rate helps paint a picture of job security and financial stability in the area. Rates around 4% to 5% are considered typical. A lower-than-average rate might suggest strong job prospects and a thriving local economy, while a higher rate could hint at fewer opportunities—both useful to consider when planning a move.

Transportation in Ohio

How people get around in Ohio

In Ohio, the average commute time is 23 minutes. Commuting methods vary: 82.6% of residents travel by personal vehicle and 2% prefer to walk, while the remaining share relies on public transit or on two wheelers to get from A to B.

Commute time
23 min
-0.8% year-over-year change
Means of transportation
Value Percent YoY change
Car 4,633,477 82.6% -1.5%
Taxicab 11,938 0.2% 29.2%
Bus or trolleybus 53,632 1% -9.5%
Subway or elevated 1,362 0% N/A
Railroad 192 0% -47.7%
Ferryboat 622 0% 18.2%
Motorcycle 4,559 0.1% 6.1%
Bicycle 16,545 0.3% 9.8%
Walk 109,647 2% -1.7%
Understanding how locals get to work can help you plan your own routine. High car usage might mean you’ll need a vehicle, while strong public transit or walkability could save you the hassle. Commute times also play a big role in quality of life—shorter trips can give you more time for the things you enjoy.

Find your place

Explore more communities

FAQs about Ohio demographics 

What is the total population of Ohio?

Ohio has a total population of 11,810,293 residents, according to the latest release from the U.S. Census Bureau: the 2019-2023 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates. This figure changed by +0.3% compared to a year ago.

What is the gender ratio in Ohio?

The gender ratio in Ohio is as follows:
  • 49.3% males (5,824,627 residents)
  • 50.7% females (5,985,666 residents)

What is the median age in Ohio?

The median age in Ohio is 39.7.

What is the age distribution of the population in Ohio?

The age distribution in Ohio is as follows:
  • Under 15: 18.1% (2,134,234 residents)
  • Ages 15-24: 12.8% (1,513,843 residents)
  • Ages 25-44: 25.7% (3,037,407 residents)
  • Ages 45-64: 25.1% (2,969,232 residents)
  • Over 65: 18.2% (2,155,577 residents)

What is the racial and ethnic makeup of Ohio?

The racial and ethnic makeup of Ohio is as follows:
  • White: 76.8% (9,073,101 residents)
  • Black or African American: 12.2% (1,440,414 residents)
  • American Indian and Alaska Native: 0.2% (18,679 residents)
  • Asian: 2.6% (302,593 residents)
  • Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander: 0% (4,181 residents)
  • Two or More Races: 6.5% (763,302 residents)
  • Other: 1.8% (208,023 residents)

What percentage of the population in Ohio are U.S.-born citizens?

U.S.-born citizens represent 93.8% of the population in Ohio.

How many housing units are there in Ohio?

There are 5,292,391 housing units in Ohio, reflecting a +0.4% change compared to the previous year, according to the latest data from the U.S. Census Bureau.

How many households are in Ohio and what is the average household size?

Ohio has a total of 4,863,191 households, with an average of 2 people in each.

What is the median household income in Ohio?

Ohio has a median household income of $71,389, representing a +2.5% shift from the previous year, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

What is the employment rate and job market overview for Ohio?

The employment rate is 95.2% in Ohio, with a workforce of 5,709,399 residents. Here’s a detailed breakdown of the local job market:

Job types:
  • White-collar workers: 76% (4,339,303 residents)
  • Blue-collar workers: 24% (1,370,096 residents)

Places of employment:
  • Self-employed: 8.2% (469,498 residents)
  • Private companies: 68.7% (3,922,398 residents)
  • Governmental workers: 12.9% (737,472 residents)
  • Not-for-profit companies: 10.2% (580,031 residents)

Data source & methodology

The demographic data on this page was sourced from the latest U.S. Census Bureau release—the 2019–2023 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates.

The information, issued annually, is compiled and published by the Point2Homes Research Team as soon as new data becomes available.

No representation, guarantee, or warranty is made concerning the accuracy or completeness of modified or aggregated information for particular areas.

Page last updated: September 2025