Cumberland County, PA demographics:
population, income, and more

Total population
268,323
1.5% year-over-year change
Median household income
$87,494/yr
2.2% year-over-year change
Housing units
111,278
0.9% year-over-year change

Cumberland County population

How many people live in Cumberland County

Cumberland County is home to 268,323 residents, according to the most recent Census data. Gender-wise, 49.8% of Cumberland County locals are male, and 50.2% are female.

Total population
268,323
1.5% year-over-year change
Gender ratio
Male
49.8%
133,756
Female
50.2%
134,567
Value Percent YoY change
Male 133,756 49.8% 1.5%
Female 134,567 50.2% 1.4%
A higher population often means more rental variety and livelier areas. The gender balance—how many men live here compared to women—can reveal a lot about the community and the lifestyles of its residents. Use this info to get a sense of the area's pace and personality.

Age demographics

The median age in Cumberland County is 40, with the population distributed as follows: about 16.9% are children under 15, then 13.5% are in the 15 to 24 age group. Adults between 25 and 44 make up 26% of the population, while another 24.6% fall into the 45 to 64 bracket. Finally, around 19% are 65 or older.

Median age
40.2
Age breakdown
Under 15
16.9%
15 to 24
13.5%
25 to 44
26%
45 to 64
24.6%
Over 65
19%
Value Percent YoY change
Under 15 45,252 16.9% 1.3%
15 to 24 36,328 13.5% 1.6%
25 to 44 69,642 26% 2.4%
45 to 64 66,115 24.6% -0.3%
Over 65 50,986 19% 2.5%
The age composition helps you get insight into who lives in the area. A younger population might mean a more active, fast-paced vibe, while an older one could suggest a quieter, slower lifestyle. If there's a balanced makeup, you’re likely to find a variety of services, housing types, and community spaces that cater to different life stages.

Racial makeup

In Cumberland County, 90.9% of the population are US-born citizens, while 5.6% have gained naturalized citizenship. At the same time, 3.5% of residents are non-citizens. As for race, 82.1% of locals are Caucasian, 4.4% are African American and 5.8% have Asian roots. There’s also a share of 6% that includes residents with two or more races.

Citizenship
U.S.-born citizens
90.9%
Non-U.S.-born citizens
5.6%
Non-citizens
3.5%
Value Percent YoY change
U.S.-born citizens 243,898 90.9% 0.9%
Non-U.S.-born citizens 15,140 5.6% 4.6%
Non-citizens 9,285 3.5% 12.8%
Racial breakdown
White
82.1%
Black or African American
4.4%
American Indian and Alaska Native
0%
Asian
5.8%
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
0%
Two or more races
6%
Other
1.6%
Value Percent
White 220,348 82.1%
Black or African American 11,921 4.4%
American Indian and Alaska Native 110 0%
Asian 15,553 5.8%
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander 1 0%
Two or more races 16,191 6%
Other 4,199 1.6%

Households in Cumberland County

A peek inside Cumberland County households

Cumberland County has 106,427 households, with an average of 2 members in each. Of these, 63% are families, while the remaining 37% are made up of individuals living alone or with non-relatives, such as roommates.

Households stats

Total households
106,427
1.2% year-over-year change
Average people per household
2
Non-family households
39,339
Family households
67,088
Value Percent YoY change
Non-family households 39,339 37% 1.5%
Family households 67,088 63% 1.0%
The mix between family and non-family households gives a glimpse into daily life. A higher percentage of families might mean more parks and schools, while more non-family setups can mean flexible housing and diverse living styles. For renters, this can signal what kinds of homes are common and can help you figure out if the area matches your lifestyle.

Housing in Cumberland County

The housing landscape of Cumberland County

Cumberland County's housing consists of 111,278 units, with 60.1% being detached single-family homes ideal for those wanting space. Attached options, including duplexes and townhouses, make up 16% and offer a more compact, shared living style. Then there are the multifamily buildings in the area, and for those seeking flexibility, non-traditional options like mobile homes account for 4.6% of the housing landscape.

Housing units
111,278
0.9% year-over-year change
Housing types
Value Percent
1 unit, detached 66,917 60.1%
1 unit, attached 17,825 16%
2 units 3,535 3.2%
3 or 4 units 4,276 3.8%
5 to 9 units 4,644 4.2%
10 to 19 units 3,425 3.1%
20 to 49 units 2,585 2.3%
50 or more units 2,849 2.6%
Mobile home 5,161 4.6%
Boat, RV, van, etc. 61 0%
Homes built since 2020
2,241
90.4% year-over-year change

The age of buildings in Cumberland County

In Cumberland County, the median construction year is 1978. About 15.5% of homes were built before the 1940s, with another 4.9% going up by 1949. Most development happened in the second half of the 20th century. Then, 12.2% of homes were added from 2000 to 2009, 9.8% between 2010 and 2019, and 2% are part of the newest wave of development.

Construction year breakdown by decade
Value Percent YoY change
Built in 1939 or earlier 17,219 15.5% 1.1%
Built between 1940 and 1949 5,475 4.9% 7.5%
Built between 1950 and 1959 10,264 9.2% -1.5%
Built between 1960 and 1969 11,405 10.2% -1.5%
Built between 1970 and 1979 14,369 12.9% -3.8%
Built between 1980 and 1989 13,835 12.4% 2.8%
Built between 1990 and 1999 12,028 10.8% -2.9%
Built between 2000 and 2009 13,563 12.2% 0.2%
Built between 2010 and 2019 10,879 9.8% 2.2%
Built in 2020 or later 2,241 2% 90.4%
As a renter, knowing when homes were built helps you understand the potential condition and design of rental units. Newer builds may have more contemporary layouts, while older homes can offer character or larger lots, depending on the area.

Cumberland County occupancy rates

Out of the 106,427 occupied housing units in Cumberland County, 71.3% are owner-occupied, while 28.7% are lived in by tenants. Meanwhile, 4.4% of all homes on the local market sit vacant.

Occupied housing units
106,427
1.2% year-over-year change
Occupancy breakdown
Renter occupied
30,505
Owner occupied
75,922
Value Percent YoY
change
Renter occupied 30,505 28.7% 1.3%
Owner occupied 75,922 71.3% 1.1%
Unoccupied housing units
4.4%
Unoccupied housing units refer to homes that are currently without residents—whether they're waiting for renters or owners, used seasonally, or simply unclaimed. A higher share of empty homes may mean more housing availability, while a low number can reflect a tighter market with more competition. This, along with the renter-vs.-owner mix, helps paint a clearer picture of what types of housing and services are likely to be available in the area.

Cumberland County housing costs

Housing costs in Cumberland County come to a median of $1,287 per month, while tenants specifically pay a median gross rent of $1,249.

Median housing costs per month
$1,287/month
This figure sums up typical monthly housing costs for all households in the area. If you own, it includes mortgage payments in addition to property taxes, insurance and HOA fees. If you rent, it accounts for rent plus extras like utilities. It’s useful for seeing how local living expenses stack up compared to other places.
Median gross rent in Cumberland County
$1,249/month
Gross rent gives a more complete look at what renters actually pay, including not just base rent, but also utilities and fees. It’s a key number for evaluating rental affordability in your area of interest and understanding how it compares to nearby locations.

Education in Cumberland County

Cumberland County education at a glance

About 35.8% of the population in Cumberland County went to high school, while 18.1% pursued college studies. Another 7.9% earned an associate degree and 22% hold a bachelor’s. Meanwhile, 14.3% went even further, earning a master’s or doctorate.

Education level
Value Percent YoY change
No high school 4,246 2% 2.5%
High school diploma 76,286 35.8% 1.3%
College diploma 38,531 18.1% -2.0%
Associate degree 16,829 7.9% 5.5%
Bachelor's degree 47,054 22% 0.9%
Graduate degree 30,451 14.3% 5.2%
A community’s education mix can offer insights into the local economy and housing market. Higher levels of education often align with more job opportunities and stable incomes, which can increase demand for homes and influence both rent prices and rental availability.

Income in Cumberland County

How much people earn in Cumberland County

The average annual household income in Cumberland County was $112,868 in 2024, the most recent annual data available, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. This marked a +2.2% change from the previous year. At the same time, the median income stood at $87,494, reflecting a +2.2% shift over the same period.

Average household income in Cumberland County
$112,868/year
2.2% year-over-year change
Median household income in Cumberland County
$87,494/year
2.2% year-over-year change

Cumberland County income by age

In Cumberland County, households led by residents aged 25 to 44 — usually in the early to mid stages of their careers — have a median income of $99,393. Those with someone between 45 and 64 in charge, often well established professionally, earn $107,244 overall. Younger households, where the main provider is under 25 and just starting out, report a median income of $57,033, while those led by someone over 65, many of whom may be retired, have about $62,353 in earnings. Overall, 92.5% of the locals in this community live above the poverty line.

Income breakdown by age
Value YoY change
Under 25 $57,033 7.2%
25 - 44 $99,393 3.0%
45 - 64 $107,244 3.8%
Over 65 $62,353 3.1%
Above poverty level
233,737
Below poverty level
18,864
Value Percent YoY
change
Above poverty level 233,737 92.5% 1.8%
Below poverty level 18,864 7.5% -1.5%

Employment in Cumberland County

Workforce and job types in Cumberland County

The job market in Cumberland County is powered by 134,225 working residents, spread across a range of industries and roles. 79.7% of the working population are employed in professional or administrative positions, while 20.3% are in hands-on or service-based jobs. Also, 7.9% run their own businesses, 63.9% are employed by private companies, and 16.6% work in the public sector.

Workforce demographics

Working population
134,225
1.0% year-over-year change
White collar
106,989
Blue collar
27,236
Value Percent YoY change
White collar 106,989 79.7% 2.2%
Blue collar 27,236 20.3% -3.5%
Employer type
Self employees
7.9%
Private companies
63.9%
Governmental workers
16.6%
Not for profit companies
11.6%
Value Percent YoY change
Self employees 10,556 7.9% -1.6%
Private companies 85,783 63.9% 0.4%
Governmental workers 22,318 16.6% 2.8%
Not for profit companies 15,568 11.6% 3.8%
Unemployment rate
3.7%
8.8% year-over-year change

Available workforce

The unemployment rate in Cumberland County stands at 3.7%, representing the share of the workforce currently without a job and actively looking for one.

For renters, the unemployment rate helps paint a picture of job security and financial stability in the area. Rates around 4% to 5% are considered typical. A lower-than-average rate might suggest strong job prospects and a thriving local economy, while a higher rate could hint at fewer opportunities—both useful to consider when planning a move.

Transportation in Cumberland County

How people get around in Cumberland County

Commuting methods vary: 77% of residents travel by personal vehicle and 3.5% prefer to walk, while the remaining share relies on public transit or on two wheelers to get from A to B.

Means of transportation
Value Percent YoY change
Car 100,841 77% -2.1%
Taxicab 272 0.2% 47.8%
Bus or trolleybus 250 0.2% -29.8%
Subway or elevated 33 0% N/A
Railroad 19 0% -50.0%
Motorcycle 79 0.1% -26.9%
Bicycle 699 0.5% 24.8%
Walk 4,568 3.5% 3.6%
Understanding how locals get to work can help you plan your own routine. High car usage might mean you’ll need a vehicle, while strong public transit or walkability could save you the hassle. Commute times also play a big role in quality of life—shorter trips can give you more time for the things you enjoy.

What is the median and average household income in Cumberland County by zipcode?

Zipcode Population Number of households Median income Average income
17050 43,571 16,923 $113,720 $143,620
17055 42,006 18,318 $99,077 $124,154
17065 4,389 1,587 $86,406 $89,306
17007 5,865 2,150 $117,130 $137,440
17011 39,664 14,407 $92,556 $115,545
17013 38,513 15,936 $71,042 $92,146
17015 24,385 9,811 $86,981 $114,694
17025 17,648 7,522 $91,285 $116,579
17027 2,801 197 $86,513 $103,084
17043 5,852 2,913 $61,173 $89,022

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FAQs about Cumberland County demographics 

What is the total population of Cumberland County?

Cumberland County has a total population of 268,323 residents, according to the latest release from the U.S. Census Bureau: the 2019-2023 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates. This figure changed by +1.5% compared to a year ago.

What is the gender ratio in Cumberland County?

The gender ratio in Cumberland County is as follows:
  • 49.8% males (133,756 residents)
  • 50.2% females (134,567 residents)

What is the median age in Cumberland County?

The median age in Cumberland County is 40.2.

What is the age distribution of the population in Cumberland County?

The age distribution in Cumberland County is as follows:
  • Under 15: 16.9% (45,252 residents)
  • Ages 15-24: 13.5% (36,328 residents)
  • Ages 25-44: 26% (69,642 residents)
  • Ages 45-64: 24.6% (66,115 residents)
  • Over 65: 19% (50,986 residents)

What is the racial and ethnic makeup of Cumberland County?

The racial and ethnic makeup of Cumberland County is as follows:
  • White: 82.1% (220,348 residents)
  • Black or African American: 4.4% (11,921 residents)
  • American Indian and Alaska Native: 0% (110 residents)
  • Asian: 5.8% (15,553 residents)
  • Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander: 0% (1 residents)
  • Two or More Races: 6% (16,191 residents)
  • Other: 1.6% (4,199 residents)

What percentage of the population in Cumberland County are U.S.-born citizens?

U.S.-born citizens represent 90.9% of the population in Cumberland County.

How many housing units are there in Cumberland County?

There are 111,278 housing units in Cumberland County, reflecting a +0.9% change compared to the previous year, according to the latest data from the U.S. Census Bureau.

How many households are in Cumberland County and what is the average household size?

Cumberland County has a total of 106,427 households, with an average of 2 people in each.

What is the median household income in Cumberland County?

Cumberland County has a median household income of $87,494, representing a +2.2% shift from the previous year, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

What is the employment rate and job market overview for Cumberland County?

The employment rate is 96.3% in Cumberland County, with a workforce of 134,225 residents. Here’s a detailed breakdown of the local job market:

Job types:
  • White-collar workers: 79.7% (106,989 residents)
  • Blue-collar workers: 20.3% (27,236 residents)

Places of employment:
  • Self-employed: 7.9% (10,556 residents)
  • Private companies: 63.9% (85,783 residents)
  • Governmental workers: 16.6% (22,318 residents)
  • Not-for-profit companies: 11.6% (15,568 residents)

Data source & methodology

The demographic data on this page was sourced from the latest U.S. Census Bureau release—the 2019–2023 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates.

The information, issued annually, is compiled and published by the Point2Homes Research Team as soon as new data becomes available.

No representation, guarantee, or warranty is made concerning the accuracy or completeness of modified or aggregated information for particular areas.

Page last updated: September 2025